Gibco

Human TGF-beta 1, Animal-Free Recombinant Protein, PeproTech®

Human TGF-beta 1, Animal-Free Protein in Functional Assay (Functional)

FIGURE: 1 / 1

Human TGF-beta 1, Animal-Free Protein (AF-100-21C-10UG) in Functional

WHO Comparison of Human TGF-beta 1, Animal-Free Recombinant Protein, PeproTech® (Product # AF-100-21C-1MG).

Product Image Gallery

Product Details

AF-100-21C-10UG

Applications

Tested Dilution

Publications

Functional Assay (Functional)

Assay-dependent

In vitro Assay (IV)

View 38 publications 38 publications

Miscellaneous PubMed (Misc)

View 6 publications 6 publications

Product Specifications

Species

Human

Published species

Human, Mouse, Pig

Expression System

CHO cells

Amino acid sequence

ALDTNYCFSS TEKNCCVRQL YIDFRKDLGW KWIHEPKGYH ANFCLGPCPY IWSLDTQYSK VLALYNQHNP GASAAPCCVP QALEPLPIVY YVGRKPKVEQ LSNMIVRSCK CS

Molecular weight

25 kDa

Class

Recombinant

Type

Protein

Purity

≥ 98% by SDS-PAGE gel and HPLC analyses.

Endotoxin concentration

<0.1 EU/µg

Activity

Determined by TGF-beta1's ability to inhibit the mouse IL-4-dependent proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells. The expected ED50 is ≤ 0.05 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 2 x 10^7 units/mg.

Conjugate

Unconjugated Unconjugated Unconjugated

Form

Lyophilized

Purification

purified

Contains

no preservative

Storage conditions

-20°C

Shipping conditions

Ambient

Product Specific Information

AF-100-21C-1MG will be provided as 2 x 500 µg (AF-100-21C-500UG).

Recombinant Human TGF-beta1 is a 25.0 kDa protein composed of two identical 112 amino acid polypeptide chains linked by a single disulfide bond.

This product is shipped at ambient temperature. For storage, handling and reconstitution information, please see the lot-specific Certificate of Analysis

Target Information

TGF beta-1 (TGFB1, Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1) is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines, found almost ubiquitously in tissues. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-b is stored in the extracellular matrix as a latent complex with its pro-domain. Activation of TGF beta-1 requires the binding of aV integrin to an RGD sequence in the prodomain and exertion of force on this domain, which is held in the extracellular matrix by latent TGF-b binding proteins. Latent forms are complexes of TGF beta-1, an amino-terminal portion of the TGF-beta precursor, designated TGF-LAP (TGF-latency associated peptide), and a specific binding protein, known as LTBP. TGF beta-1 helps regulates proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration in many cell types. Many cells have TGF beta receptors, and the protein positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. TGF beta-1 is cleaved into a latency-associated peptide and a mature TGF beta-1 peptide, and is found in either a latent form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer, a LAP homodimer, and a latent TGFB1-binding protein, or in an active form composed of a TGF beta-1 homodimer. The mature peptide may also form heterodimers with other TGF beta family members. The gene for TGF beta-1 is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease and cystic fibrosis.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.

Product References

Programmable RNA targeting with the single-protein CRISPR effector Cas7-11.

Nature

Özcan A,Krajeski R,Ioannidi E,Lee B,Gardner A,Makarova KS,Koonin EV,Abudayyeh OO,Gootenberg JS

Wed Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Distinct Foxp3 enhancer elements coordinate development, maintenance, and function of regulatory T cells.

Immunity

Kawakami R,Kitagawa Y,Chen KY,Arai M,Ohara D,Nakamura Y,Yasuda K,Osaki M,Mikami N,Lareau CA,Watanabe H,Kondoh G,Hirota K,Ohkura N,Sakaguchi S

Tue May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Fluid shear stress generates a unique signaling response by activating multiple TGFβ family type I receptors in osteocytes.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

Monteiro DA,Dole NS,Campos JL,Kaya S,Schurman CA,Belair CD,Alliston T

Mon Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2021

Mechanosensitive miR-100 coordinates TGFβ and Wnt signaling in osteocytes during fluid shear stress.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

Dole NS,Yoon J,Monteiro DA,Yang J,Mazur CM,Kaya S,Belair CD,Alliston T

Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to the downregulation of progesterone receptor expression in endometriosis lesions.

The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology

Ma L,Andrieu T,McKinnon B,Duempelmann L,Peng RW,Wotzkow C,Müller C,Mueller MD

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to indicate that EMT contributes to the downregulation of PR expression via the upregulation of EMT-TFs, like SNAI1 and SNAI2, which may ultimately lead to progesterone resistance.

Wed Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Chemically defined and xeno-free culture condition for human extended pluripotent stem cells.

Nature communications

Liu B,Chen S,Xu Y,Lyu Y,Wang J,Du Y,Sun Y,Liu H,Zhou H,Lai W,Xue A,Yin M,Li C,Bai Y,Xu J,Deng H

Fri May 21 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Chemically defined and xeno-free culture condition for human extended pluripotent stem cells.

Nature communications

Liu B,Chen S,Xu Y,Lyu Y,Wang J,Du Y,Sun Y,Liu H,Zhou H,Lai W,Xue A,Yin M,Li C,Bai Y,Xu J,Deng H

Fri May 21 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Valproic acid stimulates myogenesis in pluripotent stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors in a NOTCH-dependent manner.

Cell death & disease

Breuls N,Giarratana N,Yedigaryan L,Garrido GM,Carai P,Heymans S,Ranga A,Deroose C,Sampaolesi M

Mon Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Germacrone Attenuates Hepatic Stellate Cells Activation and Liver Fibrosis via Regulating Multiple Signaling Pathways.

Frontiers in pharmacology

Li Z,Wang Z,Dong F,Shi W,Dai W,Zhao J,Li Q,Fang ZE,Ren L,Liu T,Wei Z,Mou W,Lin L,Yang Y,Xiao X,Ma L,Bai Z

AF-100-21C was used in Sample Preparation (Western Blotting) to demonstrate that germacrone (GER) can be used as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of liver fibrosis.

Sat Oct 23 00:00:00 EDT 2021

TGF-β1-mediated exosomal lnc-MMP2-2 increases blood-brain barrier permeability via the miRNA-1207-5p/EPB41L5 axis to promote non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis.

Cell death & disease

Wu D,Deng S,Li L,Liu T,Zhang T,Li J,Yu Y,Xu Y

Tue Jul 20 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Lactobacillus rhamnosus attenuates bone loss and maintains bone health by skewing Treg-Th17 cell balance in Ovx mice.

Scientific reports

Sapra L,Dar HY,Bhardwaj A,Pandey A,Kumari S,Azam Z,Upmanyu V,Anwar A,Shukla P,Mishra PK,Saini C,Verma B,Srivastava RK

Tue Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2021

IL-4 inhibits regulatory T cells differentiation by HDAC9-mediated epigenetic regulation.

Cell death & disease

Cui J,Xu H,Yu J,Li Y,Chen Z,Zou Y,Zhang X,Du Y,Xia J,Wu J

Tue May 18 00:00:00 EDT 2021

SMAD4 represses FOSL1 expression and pancreatic cancer metastatic colonization.

Cell reports

Dai C,Rennhack JP,Arnoff TE,Thaker M,Younger ST,Doench JG,Huang AY,Yang A,Aguirre AJ,Wang B,Mun E,O'Connell JT,Huang Y,Labella K,Talamas JA,Li J,Ilic N,Hwang J,Hong AL,Giacomelli AO,Gjoerup O,Root DE,Hahn WC

Tue Jul 27 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells to hepatic stellate cells.

Nature protocols

Vallverdú J,Martínez García de la Torre RA,Mannaerts I,Verhulst S,Smout A,Coll M,Ariño S,Rubio-Tomás T,Aguilar-Bravo B,Martínez-Sánchez C,Blaya D,Verfaillie CM,van Grunsven LA,Sancho-Bru P

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to describe a protocol to differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into hepatic stellate cells (iPSC-HSCs).

Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Inhibition of aquaporin-1 prevents myocardial remodeling by blocking the transmembrane transport of hydrogen peroxide.

Science translational medicine

Montiel V,Bella R,Michel LYM,Esfahani H,De Mulder D,Robinson EL,Deglasse JP,Tiburcy M,Chow PH,Jonas JC,Gilon P,Steinhorn B,Michel T,Beauloye C,Bertrand L,Farah C,Dei Zotti F,Debaix H,Bouzin C,Brusa D,Horman S,Vanoverschelde JL,Bergmann O,Gilis D,Rooman M,Ghigo A,Geninatti-Crich S,Yool A,Zimmermann WH,Roderick HL,Devuyst O,Balligand JL

AF-100-21C was used in Cell Culture to investigate regulators of oxidant-mediated cardiac hypertrophy.

Wed Oct 07 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Ginkgolic Acid, a SUMO-1 Inhibitor, Inhibits the Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Alleviating SUMOylation of SMAD4.

Molecular therapy oncolytics

Liu K,Wang X,Li D,Xu D,Li D,Lv Z,Zhao D,Chu WF,Wang XF

AF-100-21C was used in Cell Culture to conclude that GA could be a promising therapeutic for OSCC.

Fri Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Involvement of Transcription Factor 21 in the Pathogenesis of Fibrosis in Endometriosis.

The American journal of pathology

Ganieva U,Nakamura T,Osuka S,Nakanishi N,Kasahara Y,Takasaki N,Muraoka A,Hayashi S,Nagai T,Murase T,Goto M,Iwase A,Kikkawa F

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to study whether transcription factor 21 (TCF21) is involved in the development of endometriosis as an upstream regulatory gene of periostin.

Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020

Rhein, a novel Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antifibrotic potency in human myocardial fibrosis.

Scientific reports

Barbosa DM,Fahlbusch P,Herzfeld de Wiza D,Jacob S,Kettel U,Al-Hasani H,Krüger M,Ouwens DM,Hartwig S,Lehr S,Kotzka J,Knebel B

Tue Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Curcumin attenuates endothelial cell fibrosis through inhibiting endothelial-interstitial transformation.

Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

Chen X,Chen X,Shi X,Gao Z,Guo Z

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to demonstrate that Cur inhibits TGF-β1-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) by stimulating DDAH1 expression via the NRF-2 pathway, thus attenuating endothelial cell fibrosis.

Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene signature is associated with prognosis and tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Scientific reports

Jung AR,Jung CH,Noh JK,Lee YC,Eun YG

Thu Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2020

A FXYD5/TGF‑β/SMAD positive feedback loop drives epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition and promotes tumor growth and metastasis in ovarian cancer.

International journal of oncology

Bai Y,Li LD,Li J,Chen RF,Yu HL,Sun HF,Wang JY,Lu X

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to suggest a mechanism through which FXYD5 serves a critical role in the constitutive activation of the TGF-β/SMADs signaling pathways in ovarian cancer, and provided a promising therapeutic target for human ovarian cancer.

Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020

TGFβ-blockade uncovers stromal plasticity in tumors by revealing the existence of a subset of interferon-licensed fibroblasts.

Nature communications

Grauel AL,Nguyen B,Ruddy D,Laszewski T,Schwartz S,Chang J,Chen J,Piquet M,Pelletier M,Yan Z,Kirkpatrick ND,Wu J,deWeck A,Riester M,Hims M,Geyer FC,Wagner J,MacIsaac K,Deeds J,Diwanji R,Jayaraman P,Yu Y,Simmons Q,Weng S,Raza A,Minie B,Dostalek M,Chikkegowda P,Ruda V,Iartchouk O,Chen N,Thierry R,Zhou J,Pruteanu-Malinici I,Fabre C,Engelman JA,Dranoff G,Cremasco V

Wed Dec 09 00:00:00 EST 2020

On-chip integrated optical stretching and electrorotation enabling single-cell biophysical analysis.

Microsystems & nanoengineering

Huang L,Liang F,Feng Y,Zhao P,Wang W

Wed Sep 29 00:00:00 EDT 2021

PCDHGA9 represses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic potential in gastric cancer cells by reducing β-catenin transcriptional activity.

Cell death & disease

Weng J,Li S,Lin H,Mei H,Liu Y,Xiao C,Zhu Z,Cai W,Ding X,Mi Y,Wen Y

Mon Mar 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) regulate TGFβ-mediated transcriptional and apoptotic responses.

Cell death & disease

Hutchinson LD,Darling NJ,Nicolaou S,Gori I,Squair DR,Cohen P,Hill CS,Sapkota GP

Wed Jan 22 00:00:00 EST 2020

Generation of Engineered Human Myocardium in a Multi-well Format.

STAR protocols

Tiburcy M,Meyer T,Liaw NY,Zimmermann WH

Fri Jun 19 00:00:00 EDT 2020

MSC-regulated lncRNA MACC1-AS1 promotes stemness and chemoresistance through fatty acid oxidation in gastric cancer.

Oncogene

He W,Liang B,Wang C,Li S,Zhao Y,Huang Q,Liu Z,Yao Z,Wu Q,Liao W,Zhang S,Liu Y,Xiang Y,Liu J,Shi M

Sat Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019

HSP90/AXL/eIF4E-regulated unfolded protein response as an acquired vulnerability in drug-resistant KRAS-mutant lung cancer.

Oncogenesis

Yang H,Liang SQ,Xu D,Yang Z,Marti TM,Gao Y,Kocher GJ,Zhao H,Schmid RA,Peng RW

Tue Aug 20 00:00:00 EDT 2019

TGF-β1-PML SUMOylation-peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) form a positive feedback loop to regulate cardiac fibrosis.

Journal of cellular physiology

Wu D,Huang D,Li LL,Ni P,Li XX,Wang B,Han YN,Shao XQ,Zhao D,Chu WF,Li BY

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to find that exogenous TGF-β1 induced the upregulation of TGF-β1 itself in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and also triggered the PML SUMOylation and the formation of PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), and consequently recruited Pin1 into nuclear to colocalize with PML.

Wed May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Smooth muscle cell-specific knockout of neuropilin-1 impairs postnatal lung development and pathological vascular smooth muscle cell accumulation.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology

Mahmoud M,Evans IM,Mehta V,Pellet-Many C,Paliashvili K,Zachary I

Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019

Myofibroblast modulation of cardiac myocyte structure and function.

Scientific reports

Nagaraju CK,Dries E,Gilbert G,Abdesselem M,Wang N,Amoni M,Driesen RB,Sipido KR

Thu Jun 20 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Vascular endothelial growth factor 165 inhibits pro-fibrotic differentiation of stromal cells via the DLL4/Notch4/smad7 pathway.

Cell death & disease

Lv H,Nan Z,Jiang P,Wang Z,Song M,Ding H,Liu D,Zhao G,Zheng Y,Hu Y

Thu Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Enhanced morphological and functional differences of pancreatic cancer with epithelial or mesenchymal characteristics in 3D culture.

Scientific reports

Shichi Y,Sasaki N,Michishita M,Hasegawa F,Matsuda Y,Arai T,Gomi F,Aida J,Takubo K,Toyoda M,Yoshimura H,Takahashi K,Ishiwata T

Fri Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Enhanced morphological and functional differences of pancreatic cancer with epithelial or mesenchymal characteristics in 3D culture.

Scientific reports

Shichi Y,Sasaki N,Michishita M,Hasegawa F,Matsuda Y,Arai T,Gomi F,Aida J,Takubo K,Toyoda M,Yoshimura H,Takahashi K,Ishiwata T

Fri Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Human cell-derived tissue-engineered heart valve with integrated Valsalva sinuses: towards native-like transcatheter pulmonary valve replacements.

NPJ Regenerative medicine

Motta SE,Lintas V,Fioretta ES,Dijkman PE,Putti M,Caliskan E,Rodriguez Cetina Biefer H,Lipiski M,Sauer M,Cesarovic N,Hoerstrup SP,Emmert MY

Thu Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Dioscin Inhibits the Invasion and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells by Reversing TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Chen B,Zhou S,Zhan Y,Ke J,Wang K,Liang Q,Hou Y,Zhu P,Ao W,Wei X,Xiao J

AF-100-21C was used in Sample Preparation (WB) to investigate anticancer effects of Dioscin.

Fri Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Autophagy promotes fibrosis and apoptosis in the peritoneum during long-term peritoneal dialysis.

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine

Wu J,Xing C,Zhang L,Mao H,Chen X,Liang M,Wang F,Ren H,Cui H,Jiang A,Wang Z,Zou M,Ji Y

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to investigate elevation of TGF-β1 in the peritoneal membrane following peritoneal dialysis.

Thu Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2018

Lung resident mesenchymal cells isolated from patients with the Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome display a deregulated epigenetic profile.

Scientific reports

Vella S,Conaldi PG,Cova E,Meloni F,Liotta R,Cuzzocrea S,Martino L,Bertani A,Luca A,Vitulo P

Tue Jul 24 00:00:00 EDT 2018

An orally-active adiponectin receptor agonist mitigates cutaneous fibrosis, inflammation and microvascular pathology in a murine model of systemic sclerosis.

Scientific reports

Yamashita T,Lakota K,Taniguchi T,Yoshizaki A,Sato S,Hong W,Zhou X,Sodin-Semrl S,Fang F,Asano Y,Varga J

Tue Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Generation of Hepatic Stellate Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Enables In Vitro Modeling of Liver Fibrosis.

Cell stem cell

Coll M,Perea L,Boon R,Leite SB,Vallverdú J,Mannaerts I,Smout A,El Taghdouini A,Blaya D,Rodrigo-Torres D,Graupera I,Aguilar-Bravo B,Chesne C,Najimi M,Sokal E,Lozano JJ,van Grunsven LA,Verfaillie CM,Sancho-Bru P

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to report efficient differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into HSC-like cells (iPSC-HSCs).

Thu Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Genetic Modification of Human Peripheral Blood Aspirates Using Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors for Articular Cartilage Repair with a Focus on Chondrogenic Transforming Growth Factor-β Gene Delivery.

Stem cells translational medicine

Frisch J,Orth P,Venkatesan JK,Rey-Rico A,Schmitt G,Kohn D,Madry H,Cucchiarini M

Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2017

Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling.

Stem cells translational medicine

Wilkinson DC,Alva-Ornelas JA,Sucre JM,Vijayaraj P,Durra A,Richardson W,Jonas SJ,Paul MK,Karumbayaram S,Dunn B,Gomperts BN

Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2017

Inhibition of Proliferation and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells by Heavy Chain-Hyaluronan/Pentraxin 3.

Scientific reports

He H,Kuriyan AE,Su CW,Mahabole M,Zhang Y,Zhu YT,Flynn HW,Parel JM,Tseng SC

AF-100-21C was used in In vitro experiments to investigate heavy chain-hyaluronic acid/pentraxin 3 inhibition of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Thu Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2017

Altered Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Endogenous Inhibitors in a Human Isogenic Stem Cell Model of Huntington's Disease.

Frontiers in neuroscience

Naphade S,Embusch A,Madushani KL,Ring KL,Ellerby LM

AF-100-21C was used in Sample Preparation to investigate matrix metalloproteases in Huntington’s Disease.

Wed Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020

The Involvement of Protease Nexin-1 (PN1) in the Pathogenesis of Intervertebral Disc (IVD) Degeneration.

Scientific reports

Wu X,Liu W,Duan Z,Gao Y,Li S,Wang K,Song Y,Shao Z,Yang S,Yang C

Wed Jul 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Bioinformatics

Protein Aliases: latency-associated peptide; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-1; TGF b; TGF b 1; TGF beta; tgf beta 1; TGF beta-1; TGF beta-1 protein; tgf beta1; TGF β; TGF β 1; TGF β1; TGF-B1; TGF-beta 1 protein; TGF-beta-1; TGFβ1; Transforming growth factor; transforming growth factor b1; transforming growth factor beta; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; transforming growth factor β1

Human TGF-beta 1, Animal-Free Recombinant Protein, PeproTech®

Human TGF-beta 1, Animal-Free Protein (AF-100-21C-10UG) in Functional

Product Details

AF-100-21C-10UG

Functional Assay (Functional)

In vitro Assay (IV)

Miscellaneous PubMed (Misc)

Species

Published species

Expression System

Amino acid sequence

Molecular weight

Class

Type

Purity

Endotoxin concentration

Activity

Conjugate

Form

Purification

Contains

Storage conditions

Shipping conditions

Product Specific Information

Target Information

Bioinformatics

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