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Product Details
Z2055MP
Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications
Product Specifications
Species Reactivity
Bovine,
Human
Host/Isotype
Mouse
/ IgG2a, kappa
Class
Monoclonal
Type
Antibody
Clone
4C4.9
Immunogen
Purified bovine brain S100 p
Conjugate
Form
Liquid
Purification
Protein A
Storage buffer
tris with NP-40, BSA
Contains
<0.1% sodium azide
Storage conditions
4° C
Shipping conditions
Wet ice
Product Specific Information
This product is diluted and in a ready-to-use formulation.
A recommended positive control tissue for this product is Melanoma, however positive controls are not limited to this tissue type.
The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. This antibody is intended to be used after the primary diagnosis of tumor has been made by conventional histopathology using non-immunological histochemical stains.
S100 belongs to the family of calcium binding proteins such as calmodulin and troponin C. S100A is composed of an alpha and beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. S100 protein is also expressed in the antigen presenting cells such as the Langerhans cells in skin and interdigitating reticulum cells in the paracortex of lymph nodes. Antibody to S100 stains Schwannomas, ependymomas, astrogliomas, almost all benign and malignant melanomas and their metastases. Ab-1 is excellent for immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues. S100 protein is highly soluble and may be eluted from frozen tissue during staining tissues.
Antibody is used with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections. Pretreatment of deparaffinized tissue with heat-induced epitope retrieval or enzymatic retrieval is recommended. In general, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody (link antibody), an enzyme complex and a chromogenic substrate with interposed washing steps. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.
A positive tissue control must be run with every staining procedure performed. This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. External Positive control materials should be fresh autopsy/biopsy/surgical specimens fixed, processed and embedded as soon as possible in the same manner as the patient sample (s). Positive tissue controls are indicative of correctly prepared tissues and proper staining methods. The tissues used for the external positive control materials should be selected from the patient specimens with well-characterized low levels of the positive target activity that gives weak positive staining. The low level of positivity for external positive controls is designed to ensure detection of subtle changes in the primary antibody sensitivity from instability or problems with the staining methodology. A tissue with weak positive staining is more suitable for optimal quality control and for detecting minor levels of reagent degradation.
Internal or external negative control tissue may be used depending on the guidelines and policies that govern the organization to which the end user belongs to. The variety of cell types present in many tissue sections offers internal negative control sites, but this should be verified by the user. The components that do not stain should demonstrate the absence of specific staining, and provide an indication of non-specific background staining. If specific staining occurs in the negative tissue control sites, results with the patient specimens must be considered invalid.
Target Information
S100 belongs to the family of calcium binding proteins such as calmodulin and troponin C. S100A is composed of an alpha and beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. S100 protein is also expressed in the antigen presenting cells such as the Langerhans cells in skin and interdigitating reticulum cells in the paracortex of lymph nodes.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: Protein S100-A1; Protein S100-B; S 100; S-100 calcium-binding protein, beta chain; S-100 protein alpha chain; S-100 protein beta chain; S-100 protein subunit alpha; S-100 protein subunit beta; S100 alpha; S100 calcium-binding protein A1; S100 calcium-binding protein B; S100 calcium-binding protein, beta (neural); S100 protein, alpha polypeptide; S100 protein, beta polypeptide; S100alpha
Gene Aliases: NEF; S100; S100-alpha; S100-B; S100A; S100A1; S100B; S100beta
UniProt ID: (Bovine) P02639, (Human) P23297, (Human) P04271, (Bovine) P02638
Entrez Gene ID: (Bovine) 528735, (Human) 6271, (Human) 6285, (Bovine) 525716
negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
regulation of heart contraction
substantia nigra development
intracellular signal transduction
positive regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel activity
axonogenesis
central nervous system development
learning or memory
memory
cell proliferation
positive regulation of cell proliferation
regulation of cell shape
positive regulation of apoptotic process
positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
innate immune response
regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity
astrocyte differentiation
response to glucocorticoid
response to methylmercury
long-term synaptic potentiation
cellular response to hypoxia
negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation
regulation of translation
phosphorylation
negative regulation of kinase activity
positive regulation of complement activation
astrocyte activation
negative regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production
Performance Guarantee
If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase.*
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