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At least seven isoforms comprise the highly conserved 14-3-3 family of homo- and heterodimeric proteins that are abundantly expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Although more than seven isoforms of 14-3-3 have been described, some redundancies have appeared upon sequencing. The 14-3-3s are thought to be key regulators of signal transduction events mediated through their binding to serine-phosphorylated proteins. By interacting with Cdc25C, 14-3-3 regulates entry into the cell cycle and, through interaction with Bad, prevents apoptosis. Other proteins that have been shown to bind to 14-3-3s include members of the protein kinase C family, Cbl, IRS-1, polyoma middle-T antigen, nitrate reductase, S-raf and the IGF-1 receptor. Detection of 14-3-3 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid has been shown to be quite useful in the differential diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion diseases.
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Protein Aliases: 14-3-3 alpha; 14-3-3 delta; 14-3-3 epsilon; 14-3-3 gamma; 14-3-3 protein beta; 14-3-3 protein beta-subtype; 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha; 14-3-3 protein epsilon; 14-3-3 protein gamma; 14-3-3 protein gamma subtype; 14-3-3 protein gamma-subtype; 14-3-3 protein sigma; 14-3-3 protein T-cell; 14-3-3 protein tau; 14-3-3 protein theta; 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta; 14-3-3 protein/cytosolic phospholipase A2; 14-3-3 sigma; 14-3-3 sigma protein; 14-3-3 tau; 14-3-3 theta; 14-3-3 zeta; 14-3-3d; 14-3-3E; 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide; 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide; 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5 monooxygenase activation protein beta polypeptide; 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase activation protein gamma polypeptide; 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide; brain protein 14-3-3, beta isoform; epididymis luminal protein 2; epididymis luminal protein 4; epididymis secretory protein Li 1; epididymis secretory protein Li 3; epididymis secretory protein Li 93; Epithelial cell marker protein 1; KCIP-1; mitochondrial import stimulation factor (MSF) L subunit; Mitochondrial import stimulation factor L subunit; Mitochondrial import stimulation factor S1 subunit; MSF L; phospholipase A2; Prepronerve growth factor RNH-1; Protein 1054; Protein HS1; Protein kinase C inhibitor protein 1; protein kinase C inhibitor protein-1; protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 170; protein tau; protein, theta; SEZ-2; Stratifin; tryosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5 monooxgenase activation protein gamma; tryosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase activation protein gamma polypeptide; tryosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein beta polypeptide; tryosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein gamma; tyrosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5 monooxgenase activation protein beta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5 monooxgenase activation protein, beta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase activation protein, beta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, alpha polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, beta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, delta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, sigma polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, theta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activatioprotein epsilon polypeptide; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activatioprotein, epsilon polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein beta polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein gamma polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein, beta polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein, zeta polypeptide
Gene Aliases: 1110013I11Rik; 1300003C17Rik; 14-3-3; 14-3-3-zeta; 14-3-3E; 14-3-3G; 14-3-3GAMMA; 14-3-3t; 14-3-3z; 14-3-3zeta; 1C5; 2700028P07Rik; AA409740; AI596267; AL022924; AU019196; AU020854; AU021156; D7Bwg1348e; Er; GW128; HEL-S-1; HEL-S-3; HEL-S-93; HEL2; HEL4; HME1; HS1; KCIP-1; MDCR; MDS; Mkrn3; Mme1; Msfs1; PPP1R170; R74690; SFN; YWHAA; YWHAB; YWHAD; YWHAE; YWHAG; YWHAQ; YWHAS; YWHAZ
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