Although HIV is a complex disease, it has been demonstrated that with early diagnosis, appropriate therapeutic intervention, and frequent monitoring, it can be well managed. One element of disease management is a solid understanding of HIV drug resistance—what it is, how it develops, and when and how to test for it. This infographic is designed to serve as a reference document for healthcare providers treating persons living with HIV. Clinical laboratorians, pharmacists, and other ancillary professionals may also find it of value.