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Product Details
PHC0211
Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications
Product Specifications
Species
Human
Expression System
E. coli
Amino acid sequence
QDRHMIRMRQ LIDIVDQLKN YVNDLVPEFL PAPEDVETNC EWSAFSCFQK AQLKSANTGN NERIINVSIK KLKRKPPSTN AGRRQKHRLT CPSCDSYEKK PPKEFLERFK SLLQKMIHQH LSSRTHGSED S
Molecular weight
15 kDa
Class
Recombinant
Type
Protein
Purity
>95% by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin concentration
<0.1 ng/µg
Activity
ED50 = 1 - 5 ng/mL; determined by the dose-dependent secretion of IFN-gamma by human NK-92 natural killer lymphoma cells.
Conjugate
Form
Lyophilized
Purification
purified
Contains
no preservative
Storage conditions
4° C
Shipping conditions
Wet ice (domestic); Wet or Dry ice (international)
Product Specific Information
Carrier-Free
Reconstitution: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute lyophilized recombinant human IL-21 in sterile, distilled water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Further dilutions should be made in low endotoxin medium or a buffered solution containing a carrier protein such as heat inactivated FCS or tissue culture grade BSA. Storage: Store lyophilized recombinant human IL-21 at 2°C to 8°C, preferably desiccated. Upon reconstitution, apportion into working aliquots and store at ≤-20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Target Information
IL-21 is a 17 kDa immunomodulatory cytokine produced mainly by Natural Killer Cells (NKT), T helper (Th) 17 and T follicular helper (TFH) cells. In TFH cells, IL-21 expression leads to autocrine signaling through the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and STAT3, which leads to additional transcriptional activation by Bcl6. As with IFN gamma for Th1 and IL-4 for Th2 cells, IL-21 is critical for TFH cell development and effector function. IL-21 plays a role in T cell-dependent B cell differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells, stimulation of IgG production and induction of apoptotic signaling in naive B cells. In Th17 cells, IL-21 expression and autocrine feedback through STAT3, IRF4 and ROR gamma t lead to upregulation of the IL-23R, thereby preparing Th17 cells for maturation and maintenance by the inflammatory cytokine IL-23. While upregulating IRF4 and ROR gamma t, IL-21 also mediates the downregulation of Foxp3. IL-21 deficient mice are protected from developing colitis upon chemical treatment by their inability to upregulate Th17-associated molecules. In comparison, elevated levels of IL-21 are present in chemically-induced colitis mouse models.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: CX2; il 21; IL-21; ILN; Interleukin; Interleukin-21; interleukin-21 isoform; Interleukin21; Za11
Gene Aliases: CVID11; IL-21; IL21; Za11
UniProt ID: (Human) Q9HBE4
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 59067
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