DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)

DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a blue-fluorescent DNA stain that exhibits ~20-fold enhancement of fluorescence upon binding to AT regions of dsDNA. It is excited by the violet (405 nm) laser line and is commonly used as a nuclear counterstain in fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and chromosome staining.

DAPI’s spectral properties make it ideal for use with green (Invitrogen Alexa Fluor 488, FITC, GFP) and red (Invitrogen Alexa Fluor 594, rhodamine, Invitrogen Texas Red, mCherry, mKate-2) fluorophores in multicolor experiments.

Because of its high affinity for DNA, it is also frequently used for counting cells, measuring apoptosis, sorting cells based on DNA content, and as a nuclear segmentation tool in high-content imaging analysis.

DAPI is generally used to stain fixed cells since the dye is cell impermeant, although the stain will enter live cells when used at higher concentrations. For live-cell staining, Hoechst 33342 dye is a popular cell-permeant nuclear counterstain.

DAPI dashboard


Initial brightness
 
 
 
 
 
DAPI serves as an ideal nuclear counterstain for fixed cells where its relative brightness is well matched to the abundance of nuclear DNA. 
  

Photostability in buffer
 
 
 
 
 
  

Photostability in antifade
 
 
 
 
 
 405DAPI350470 
 
Laser line
Common filter set
Excitation max
Emission max		 
dapi-s002647

Human iPSC staining using Mouse Anti Beta-Tubulin Monoclonal Antibody. Nuclei (blue) were labeled with Invitrogen NucBlue Fixed Cell ReadyProbes Reagent (Ready-to-use liquid DAPI formulation).

DAPI products

We offer a broad range of DAPI products including Invitrogen ReadyProbes ready-to-use stain formulations and antifade mountants.

Learn more here:

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BPAE cells fixed and permeabilized using the
Invitrogen Image-iT Fixation/Permeabilization
Kit. Nuclei were stained using Invitrogen 
NucBlue Live Cell Stain.

Alternatives to DAPI

We offer a number of nucleic acid stains—with various emission wavelengths—that can be used as alternatives to DAPI for imaging live cells.

Nuclear counterstaining in live cells

For live-cell staining, Hoechst 33342 dye is a popular cell-permeant nuclear counterstain.

A special formulation of Hoechst 33342 dye, NucBlue Live ReadyProbes nucleic acid stain is supplied ready to use in a dropper bottle.

Additional probes for nucleic acid staining