DyLight Fluors Technology and Product Guide

DyLight Fluors have absorption maxima ranging from 350nm to 777nm, covering the entire visible light spectrum and several key near-infrared and infrared wavelengths. The absorption and emission properties of the DyLight Fluors match the output (excitation) and detection wavelengths of common fluorescence instrumentation.

The DyLight Dyes exhibit higher fluorescence intensity and photostability than Alexa Fluor, CyDye and LI-COR Dyes in many applications and remain highly fluorescent over a broad pH range (pH 4-9). Additionally, the water solubility of the DyLight Dyes allows a high dye-to-protein ratio to be achieved without causing precipitation of conjugates.

Figure 1. Emission spectra of Thermo Scientific DyLight dyes. See table below for additional specifications and links to detailed information pages about each dye.
 

Spectral properties of DyLight fluorophores.

Each dye name and spectrum-image links to a dedicated information page that includes the detailed spectra, example data and literature references.

Emission	Fluor	Ex/Em†	Spectra	円	Spectrally Similar Dyes
Blue	DyLight 350	353/432		15K	Alexa Fluor 350, AMCA
Blue	DyLight 405	400/420		30K	Alexa Fluor 405, Cascade Blue
Green	DyLight 488	493/518		70K	Alexa Fluor 488, fluorescein, FITC
Yellow	DyLight 550	562/576		150K	Alexa Fluor 546, Alexa Fluor 555, Cy3,TRITC
Red	DyLight 594	593/618		80K	Alexa Fluor 594, Texas Red
Red	DyLight 633	638/658		170K	Alexa Fluor 633
Red	DyLight 650	652/672		250K	Alexa Fluor 647,Cy5
Near IR	DyLight 680	692/712		140K	Alexa Fluor 680, Cy5.5
Near IR	DyLight 755	754/776		220K	Alexa Fluor 750
Infrared	DyLight 800	777/794		270K	IRDye™ 800

†Excitation and emission maxima in nanometers (+/- 4nm) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)
††Molar extinction coefficient (M^-1 cm^-1) at the absorption maximum>

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• Antibody Labeling Kits (100 μg)
• Fluorescent Secondary Antibodies
• Streptavidin Phycoerythrin (RPE), APC, & Tandem Conjugates
   

The DyLight Fluorescent Dyes are available in both NHS ester-activated and maleimide-activated forms, which provide for efficient and specific labeling of primary amines and sulfhydryl groups, respectively. Several DyLight Fluors are also available with azide-reactive phosphine groups for detection and labeling using Staudinger ligation chemistry. Certain DyLight Fluors are also available as free acids for use as non-reactive negative controls.

The amine-reactive DyLight Fluors are available as both stand-alone reagents and complete kits optimized for milligram- and microgram-scale antibody or general protein labeling reactions. The DyLight Fluor Antibody Labeling Kits include the amine-reactive DyLight Fluors, buffers and special columns for easy clean-up of the labeling reaction and recovery of the labeled protein. The Dye Removal Columns are also available separately.
 

†Free-acid forms of the DyLight Fluors are unreactive and used as negative controls.

Pre-conjugated secondary antibodies and biotin-binding proteins of DyLight Fluors make excellent secondary detection reagents for fluorescent assays. Our DyLight Fluor Conjugates is optimally labeled with the highest dye-to-protein ratio (F/P ratio) that does not cause quenching of the fluorescent signal or problems with conjugate solubility.

• Secondary Antibody Conjugates — anti-mouse IgG and anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibodies conjugated to DyLight Fluors make a variety of immunodetection, immunoassay and cellular imaging procedures accessible to fluorescence measurement and multiplexing experimental strategies. 
• Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody Conjugates — these forms of secondary antibodies are specially purified to minimize binding to off-target immunoglobulins, making them ideal for multiplex immunofluorescence assays where cross-reactivity is a concern. 
• Streptavidin Conjugates — streptavidin biotin-binding protein conjugated to DyLight Fluors enables detection of biotinylated primary antibodies and other biotin-labeled targets for fluorescence methods.
• NeutrAvidin Conjugates — Thermo Scientific NeutrAvidin Biotin-Binding Protein is an economical and equally high-performance alternative to streptavidin for biotin detection methods.
   

DyLight Fluor conjugated secondary antibodies and other molecular probes are the basis for a variety of optimized assay platforms for multiplex and high-content analysis of cellular pathway targets.

In-Cell ELISA Kits— The Thermo Scientific Near Infrared In-Cell ELISA Kits use pairs of DyLight 680 and DyLight 800 conjugated secondary antibodies to quantify expression of specific targets in whole cells using an ELISA format.

• A generic In-Cell ELISA Kit allows users to develop a target-specific assay using their own primary antibodies. 
• Target-specific In-Cell ELISA Kits include optimized primary antibodies for particular proteins of research interest (EGFR, ERK, STAT3, etc.).

High Content Screening Assays— Thermo Scientific High Content Reagent-Based Assays are multiplex fluorescent assays for cellular imaging and analysis. Each one of these many assays uses DyLight Fluor Antibodies and other fluorescent probes to detect the cellular expression and translocation of specific proteins and cell structural parameters. When used in combination with appropriate imaging equipment and analysis software, these assays provide extremely powerful strategies for examining cellular responses.