How are DNA fragments separated in gel electrophoresis?

DNA gel electrophoresis is a standard laboratory technique used to identify, quantify, and purify DNA fragments. DNA electrophoresis involves loading DNA samples into the wells of an agarose or acrylamide gel and subjecting it to an electric field.

DNA fragments have a net negative charge; when subjected to an electric field, the negatively charged nucleic acid fragments migrate towards the positive electrode. The length of DNA fragments is a primary factor that influences the rate of migration—shorter DNA fragments travel faster through the gel matrix than longer fragments. Therefore, DNA gel electrophoresis results in separation—or resolution—of DNA fragments based on size.

Thermo Fisher Scientific provides high-quality gels, reagents, and devices to support the DNA electrophoresis workflow.





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